Como evitar rebarbas na máquina de corte a laser
laser cutting machine burrslaser cutting machine burrslaser cutting machine burrs The most common problem of laser cutting machines in the processing process is that they are prone to burrs. In layman’s terms, sharp corners, burrs, and other irregular metal parts appear at the transition of the work-piece surface. However, common does not mean that the generation of burrs can be accepted. It directly affects the dimensional accuracy, shape and position accuracy, and surface roughness of the processed parts reduces product quality and brings subsequent inspection, assembly, use performance, and aesthetics. There are many problems, so burrs should be avoided as much as possible.
Causas e soluções comuns para falhas
Razão 1: As posições para cima e para baixo do foco do feixe de laser gerado pela máquina de corte a laser são desviadas, resultando em energia não convergindo na peça de trabalho, e a peça de trabalho não é totalmente vaporizada, o que aumenta a quantidade de escória produzida e não é fácil de soprar, o que facilita a produção de rebarbas.
Solução: Ajuste a posição do foco do feixe de laser e ajuste-o para o melhor estado de acordo com a posição de deslocamento que ele produz.
Razão 2: A potência de saída da máquina de corte a laser não é suficiente para vaporizar efetivamente o metal, resultando em escória e rebarbas excessivas.
Solução: Verifique se o corte a laser máquina está funcionando normalmente. Se for anormal, precisa ser reparado e mantido a tempo; se estiver normal, verifique se o valor de saída está correto.
Razão 3: A velocidade da linha de corte da máquina de corte a laser é muito lenta, o que prejudica a qualidade da superfície da superfície de corte e produz rebarbas.
Solução: Ajuste e aumente o corte velocidade da linha a tempo de atingir o valor normal.
Razão 4: A pureza do gás auxiliar da máquina de corte a laser não está de acordo com o padrão exigido, o que também fará com que a peça de trabalho produza rebarbas.
Solução: Substitua o gás auxiliar com maior pureza.
Razão 5: O tempo de trabalho da máquina de corte a laser é muito longo, o que faz com que o equipamento pareça instável, o que também pode causar rebarbas.
Solução: Desligue a máquina de corte a laser e reinicie-a após um período de tempo, para que possa descansar o suficiente.
Laser cutting is a precise and efficient method for cutting a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and composites. While laser cutting offers numerous advantages, it may still produce some burrs, though they are typically minimal compared to other cutting methods like mechanical cutting or plasma cutting.
Here’s what you need to know about burrs in laser cutting:
1. What Are Burrs in Laser Cutting?
Burrs are small, unwanted projections or irregularities along the edge of the cut material. They can be tiny metal flakes, raised edges, or sharp points. Burrs can affect the quality and appearance of the cut, especially in precision applications.
2. Causes of Burrs in Laser Cutting:
- Material Properties: The type and thickness of the material being cut can influence the presence of burrs. Softer materials may produce fewer burrs than harder ones.
- Laser Settings: The laser power, focus, and cutting speed settings impact the quality of the cut. Inappropriate settings can lead to burr formation.
- Gas Type and Pressure: The choice of assist gas (typically oxygen, nitrogen, or air) and its pressure can affect burrs. Oxygen, for example, may create more burrs than nitrogen.
- Material Surface Condition: The surface condition of the material (e.g., rust or contaminants) can influence burr formation.
- Cutting Technique: The specific cutting technique, such as continuous wave or pulsed laser cutting, can also affect burr formation.
3. Reducing Burrs in Laser Cutting:
To minimize or eliminate burrs in laser cutting, consider the following strategies:
- Optimize Laser Parameters: Adjust the laser power, focus, and cutting speed to achieve the best results for the specific material being cut.
- Use Proper Assist Gas: Select the appropriate assist gas and control its pressure to minimize burrs. Nitrogen is often preferred for cleaner cuts in metals.
- Material Preparation: Ensure the material’s surface is clean and free from contaminants, rust, or oxidation.
- Use a Backing Plate: When cutting thin materials prone to warping, using a backing plate can help reduce burrs by providing support on the underside of the material.
- Post-Processing: If minimal burrs are acceptable, you can remove them through secondary processes like grinding, deburring, or sanding.
- Advanced Laser Systems: Some advanced laser cutting systems include features like automatic focus control and beam oscillation to further reduce burrs.
4. Importance of Burr Control:
Controlling burrs is essential in applications where precision and aesthetics matter. For example:
- In the aerospace industry, burrs on critical components can compromise performance and safety.
- In medical device manufacturing, burr-free edges are essential to prevent contamination and ensure the highest quality.
5. Consult with Laser Cutting Experts:
For specialized or critical applications, it’s advisable to consult with laser cutting experts who can provide guidance on the best techniques and settings to achieve the desired cut quality and minimize burrs.
In conclusion, while laser cutting is known for its precision and minimal burr formation compared to other cutting methods, it’s essential to optimize laser parameters, choose the right assist gas, and consider material properties to control and minimize burrs in laser-cut parts.
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